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Bachelor Thesis · Applied AI · Energy · 2025

48-Hour Wind Power Forecasting for Smart Energy Planning

Uncertainty-Aware Forecasting Using Deep Learning

Mälardalen University · Electrification Hub

Develop an uncertainty-aware forecasting capability designed for decision support, not just prediction.

  • Forecasting
  • Deep Learning
  • Temporal Fusion Transformer
  • Quantile Regression
  • Energy
  • Decision Support
  • Time-Series

Context

As renewable energy grows, energy planners depend on wind-power forecasts for planning, storage and flexibility decisions. But a traditional point forecast — one number per hour — says nothing about how wrong it might be, and it is exactly that uncertainty that makes planning hard.

That became the real question of the thesis: not how do we predict wind power most accurately, but how do we give planners a forecast they can actually make risk-aware decisions on?

Discovery & framing

We framed the work around decision-making under uncertainty rather than model accuracy alone — treating the forecast as decision support for risk-aware planning in digital energy, with an eye on how such a capability could fit into energy platforms.

Data & method

  • Real wind and weather measurements from Sweden (SE1, SE3)
  • Station selection near wind parks
  • u/v wind-vector features
  • Cyclical time features
  • End-to-end ML pipeline with preprocessing and evaluation
  • Temporal Fusion Transformer (TFT) with quantile regression

Product / platform relevance

Uncertainty ranges instead of a single value let planners decide with a clearer view of risk. An AI output is only useful when its uncertainty is presented in a way that supports the user's actual decision.

  • Demand-side flexibility and EV charging
  • Smart-building and industrial load shifting
  • Storage optimisation and load balancing

Images

No illustrative or simulated result curves are used — only real material from the thesis work.

Thesis presentation — future work
Image to be added
Prediction vs actual with uncertainty bands (SE1 / SE3)

Reflection

Uncertainty becomes useful decision-support information rather than simply prediction error.